Mantle for gyratory crushers



' De. vz9, l1942. Qc. GRUENDER 2,306,437

' TLE FOR GYRATORY onus Patented Dec. 29, 1942 MANTLE FOR "GYRATORYCRUSHERS Oscar C. Gruender, Milwaukee, Wis., assignor to NordbergManufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of WisconsinApplication July 15, 1940, Serial No. 345,597

8 Claims.

My invention relates to an improved mantle for gyratory Crushers, andhas for one'purpose the provision of a mantle which may more readily beremoved for replacement or repair than the mantles now in use.

Another purpose is theV provision of an improved mantle having means iorlimiting the upward thrust of the mantle against the mantle lockingmeans, in response to peening or stretching, in the use of mantles made,for example, of manganese steel.

Another purpose is the provision of means for preventing the owing ofthe mantle of manganese steel or the like from affecting or undulycramping or bending the securing means which are employed to hold themantle in place on a l gyratory crusher head.

Another purpose is the provision of means for permitting ready removalof mantles and securing means for replacement.

Other purposes will appear from time to time in the course of thespecification and claims.

I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatically in theaccompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a vertical axial section through a gyratory cone Crusher,illustrating one of my mantles in position;

Fig. 2 is a partial section on an enlarged scale illustrating the actionof the mantle in relation to its securing means;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the mantle; Yand Fig. 4 is a view similar toFig. 2 of a variation of the shape of the mantle slot.

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specificationand drawings.

Referring to the drawings, I generally indicates a Xed circumferentialmain frame, which may be supported upon any suitable base, not shown. Itis provided with a circumferential outwardly projecting upper flange 2,upon which is tiltably mounted the ring 3, the flange and ring beingformed together to interpenetrate, as shown in Fig. 1.

the flange 2 by means of a spring abutment 5 and the bolts B, whichmaintain the springs under pressure.

I generally indicates a bowl structure includ` 4 are springs tendingnormally to hold the ring 3 xed in relationk to 'I whereby its verticaladjustment may .be ob- 55 tained. such adjustment forment part of thepresent invention. f I I indicates a bowl liner for the bowl 8, whichliner is provided with hook-shaped lugs I2, adapted to penetrate throughapertures I3y and to bev engaged by generally U-shaped bolts I4, whichApassythrough the abutment box I5, mounted on ribs I6. I'I indicates axed bearing sleeve, preferably formed integrally with the frame I andvconnected thereto by any suitable ribs Ila, or the like. Located withinthe xed bearing sleeve I'I is a bushingr I 1b; rotatable within thecylindrical bore of the bushing I'Ib is an eccentric sleeve I8 providedwithra bushing I9. At the top of the eccentric sleeve I8 is mounted anysuitable driving gear 20 through which the I8 may be driven. y K

2l indicates a crusher shaft ywithin the bushing I9. Associatedtherewith is the crusher head 22, provided with a spherical bearingsurface 23, adapted to conform to and restupon the spherical bearingmember 24. Any suitable means may be employed for preventing theaccessAof dust to the opposed spherical bearing surfaces. I illus-` trate forexamplethe wiping member 25, which may be upwardlythrust as by thesprings 26, in opposition with theopposed wiping elements 21 on theouter lower surface of the head 22.

Mounted upon the upwardly tapered surface of the head 22 is thecrushingmantle 28. Its outer surface 29 may be generally conic; itsunder surface 30, likewise. Most of the inner surface 3D is' spacedoutwardly from the conic surface of the head 22 in order to providespace for zinc or the like 3|. K

The bottom of the mantle may directly engage the opposed surface of thehead,as at 32. It will be observed, as in Fig. 1, that the mantleextends upwardly above the top of the crushing' cavity dened between itand the opposed bowl` The top of the crushing cavity mayv a dashandliner II. be roughly dened, for example, by dot line 33, as shown inFig. 1.

The mantles employed in my crusher are prevailingly made of manganesesteel. One charac-- teristicof manganese 'steel is that of flowing bypeening and deforming under crushing stress. The material is very tough,and wear-resistant, but under the pounding and impact of the crushingoperation it tends to flow or spread laterally. This characteristic isan; inconvenience in connection with securing means, since it may causean abnormal pressure of the head against the securing means and adeformation or even breakage of whatever securing member or memberseccentric sleeve abut directly against the upper end of the mantle. Iprovide means for maintaining a locking thrust against the top of themantle while permitting the mantle to flow o r spread without unduestrain upon the locking means. For example, I may carry the mantleitself upwardly above the boundary 33 of the crushing zone, and mayemploy this upper portion of the mantle as the means for transmittingthe locking thrust against the top of the mantle, without thedisadvantage of having the deformation of the mantle increase the thrustagainst the locking means to the bend-Y ing or breaking point.

For example, I may form this upper end of the mantle with a slot orgroove 34. In the drawings it is shown as located for convenience on theinner face of the mantle, where it is free from the risk of being filledwith dust, broken stone, or the like. The slot 34 is so proportioned asin effect to define a liange 35, which may be hook-shaped or L-shaped incross section. The thickness of the flange or the mass of metal involvedis in practice made suicient to support the locking thrust of thelocking means below described. However, as the mantle flows or spreadsin service, I nd that in practice the thrust of the flange 35 at itscontact area 35, as shown in Fig. 2, is insufficient to bend vor breakthe securing nut or ring 31.

The deformation of the flange 35 serves as a means for compensating thedeformation or lateral flow of the metal. For example, the flange 35 asthe plate stretches may deflect. A range of deflection, such as shown inthe contrast be-V tween the full line of Fig. 4 and the dotted line asshown at 3S, indicates a possible flexure of the flange whichcompensates for the stretching of the mantle while still maintaining thedownward thrust of the locking member 31.

In o-rder to secure the mantle 28 in place, I provide the locking nut orring 31', which is in screw threaded relation, as at 39, with the ring40, bolted to the top of the head as by the bolts 4I. It will beunderstood that, in response to the movement or crawl of the mantle 2E,the nut or ring 31 tends to tighten itself upon the securing member orring 4Q, and thereby maintain a downward pressure against the upper edgeof the mantle at the contact area 35. Thus the firm downward pressureagainst the upper edge of the mantle is maintained, which automaticallyeffects its rm seating upon the head 22.

42 indicates a cover plate secured to the ring or nut 3B, as by thescrews 43. It overlies also the heads of the screws 4I and is providedwith a central upward extension or sleeve 44, which surrounds andengages an upward extension from the sleeve 45 of the ring 40. Securedto the top of the sleeve 45 is any suitable feed distributing means,including the central portion 46, with a feed distributing plate 41 anda surrounding feed cone or hopper 48, mounted on ribs or spider members49. The details of su-ch structures do not of themselves form part ofthe present invention, which is concerned primarily with the` mantleitself.

It will be realized that, whereas I have described and illustrated apractical and operative device, nevertheless many changes may be madein` the size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departingfrom the spirit of my inven tion. I therefore wish my description anddrawings to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative or diagrammatic,rather than as limiting me to my precise showing.

For example, I illustrate in Fig. 4 a form of mantle in which the spacebetween the flange 35 and the top of the body of the mantle is generallyV-shaped in cross section. In either event, it is clear that, asindicated in dotted line 38, the flange 35 serves as a compensatingmeans for maintaining the necessary downward locking thrust against thetop of the mantle, while permitting the mantle to spread. Preferably thethrust at the area 36 is directed at a point intermediate the ends ofthe flange 35 and well within the junction between the flange 35 and thebody 28 of the mantle. In order to insure this, the locking member 31may terminate, as at 31a, in Fig. 4, at a point well within the bend ofthe flange 35. While I have described the ange 35 for convenience asL-shaped, it will be understood that what I wish to indicate is thatpreferably the flange extends upwardly from the upper end of the mantle28 and thereafter bends laterally.

It will be understood, of course, that, whereas I show a one-piecemantle, I have not limited my claims to a one-piece mantle and do notwish them to be so limited, as it is practical to employ mantles madewith more than one piece. The use and operation of my invention are asfollows:

No material has so far been found to equal manganese steel for thewearing parts of gyratory crushers of the type herein shown. Manganesesteel possesses extreme toughness and wear-resisting characteristics. Ithas the peculiar characteristic of io-wing o-r deforming under thepounding or impact normal to the crushing operation. It therefore, adifficult problem to provide means for adequately holding the mantles inposition and to provide for their ready removal for replacement.

Where a locking means at the top of the head is provided in directbearing contact with the body of the mantle, the deformation of themantle in the course of time may .create an excess upward thrust againstthe locking means suicient t-o bend or distort the threads and finallybreak it. This is a condition whi-chfis not infrequently met in the eld.

I find it desirable to interpose between the locking means and the bodyof the mantle an intermediate thrust member which is channeled tomaintain a locking thrust against the top of the mantle, but which willnot transmit to the locking means the undesired lateral thrust caused bythe deformation of the mantle in the course of wear. In the presentdevice I find it convenient to make this thrust transmitting meansintegral with or part of the mantle itself. It, however. is a matter ofconvenience rather than necessity, and takeup means of the type hereinshown could be interposed between the top of the mantle 28 and thelocknut 31.

However, in the form as herein described and shown I employ a one-piecemantle 28, with the space between its rear face and the opposed face ofthe head, as at 3b, adapted to receive zinc or other suitable filler orsupporting metal 3l. In fact, it is preferable to provide such anintermediate layer of soft metal between the rear of the mantle and thesurface of the head. I nd it desirable, however, to provide a directcontact between the bottom of the mantle and the head, as at 32, theseating portion of the bottom of the mantle serving as the bottom of thespace to be filled by the zinc or other metal. The upper flange 35 issubstantially thinner than the body of the material, and will flex ordeform slightly,

as illustrated in dotted line in Fig. 2, in response to the'generalexpansion or crawl of the manganese steel of which the mantle as a wholeis formed.. The structure issuificiently rigid to transmit the desiredlocking thrustthrough the tightening of the ring or nut 31, but thechannel provides a break or separation between the body of the mantleand that portion of the mantle which actually engages the nut 31 at 35.

Whereas I iind it convenient to position they slot or aperture definedby the ange on thein-y ner face of the mantle, it may under comecircumstances be positioned on the outer face of the mantle, withy theflange 35 in that case extending outwardly instead of inwardly. The formshown, however, is in most cases preferable.

I claim:

1. As a new article of manufacture and for use with a gyratory crusherhaving a crushing head and a mantle securing means, a crushing mantledefined by inner and outer generally conic surfaces, said mantle beingformed of a metal having the general characteristic of iiowing undercrushing impact, and means for relieving the thrust or expansion of themetal of the ycrushing portion ofthe mantle caused to flow by thecrushing impacts to which the mantle is subjected in the course of thecrushing operation, including an L-shaped annular circumferential iiangeextending upwardly and inward- A 1y from the upper outer edge of themantle, the free arm of the L being spaced from but overhanging theinner portion of the upper edge of the mantle.

2. As a new article 0f manufacture and for use with a gyratory crusherhaving a crushing head and a mantleisecuring means, a crushing mantledefined by inner and outer generally conic surfaces, said mantle beingformed of a metal having the general characteristic of flowing undercrushing impact, and means for relieving the thrust or expansion of themetal of the crushing portion of the mantle caused to iiowrby the conicsurfaces, said mantle being formed of a metal'having the igeneralcharacteristic of flowing under crushing impact, and means for relievingthe thrust or expansion of the yInetal of the crushing portion of themantle caused to flow by the crushing impacts to which the mantle isfsubjected in the course of jthecrushing operation, including flangemeans extending substantially circumferentially about the upper edge ofthe mantle, said flange means extending upwardlyv vfrom an area adjacentone face of the mantle and including a portion extending radially towardthe opposite face of the mantle, such radially extending portionoverhanging an adjacent portion of the mantle and being separatedtherefrom by an intervening channel.

5. Asa new article of manufacture and for use with a gyratory crusherhaving a crushing head and a mantle securing means, a crushing mantledefined by inner and outer generally conic surfaces, said mantle beingformed of a metal having the general characteristic of flowing undercrushing impact, and means for relieving the thrust or expansion ofthemetal of the crushing' portion of the mantle caused to flow by thecrushing impacts to which the mantle is subjected in the course of thecrushing operation, including flange means extending substantially aboutthe upper edge ofk themantle, said flange means includinga portionextending upwardly from an areaadjacent the outer face of themant1e,'and extending radially inwardly toward the inner face of themantle, and overhanging the adjacent portion ofthe mantle, and beingseparated therefrom by an` intervening channel I opening into the innerface of the mantle.

crushing impacts to which the mantle is subjected in the course of thecrushing operation, inf cluding an annular circumferential flangeextending laterally from a face of the upper .edge of the mantle, saidflange overhanging the adjacent portion of the mantle and beingseparated therefrom by a circumferential channel extendf ing asubstantial distance through the mantle from the face thereof oppositeto that from which the flange extends.

3. As a new article of manufacture and for use with a gyratory crusherhaving a crushing head e and a mantle securing means, a crushing mantledefined by inner and outer generally conic surfaces, said mantle bein'gformed of a metal having the general characteristic of flowing undercrushing impact, and means for relieving the thrust or expansion of themetal of the crushing portion of the mantle 'caused to flow by thecrushing impacts to which the mantle is subjected in the course of thecrushing operation,

including an annular circumferential vflange extending inwardly from theouter face of the upper edge of the mantle, said iiange overhanging theadjacent portion of the mantle and being separated therefrom by acircumferential channel extending a substantial distance through themantle from the inner face thereof.

4. As a new article of manumacture and for use with a gyratory crusherhaving a crushing head and a mantle securing means, a crushing mantledefined by inner and outer generally 75 6. In combination, in a gyratorycrusher, a crushing head having a generally conic outer face, a crushingmantle defined by inner and outer generally conic surfaces, said innersurface conforming generally to the outer conic surface of thefcrushinghead, said mantle being formed of a metal having the generalcharacteristic of flowing under crushing impact, means for relieving thethrust or expansion of the metal of the crushing portion of the mantlecaused to flow by the crushing impacts towhich the mantle is subjectedin the course of the crushing operation, including flange meansextending upwardly from an area adjacent one face of the mantle andincluding a portion extending radially toward the opposite face of themantle, such radially extending portion overhanging an adjacent portionof the mantle and being separated therefrom by an intervening channel,and means for maintaining a normally constantlocking thrust downwardlyagainst the upper face of said radially extending portion ofsaid iiangemeans.

7. In combination, in a gyratory crusher, a

crushing head having ka generally conic outer face, a crushing mantledefined by inner vand outer generally conic surfaces, said inner surfaceconforming generally to the outer conic surface of the crushing head,said mantle being formed of l a metal having the general characteristicof iiowing under crushing impact, means for relieving the thrust orexpansion of the rmetal of the crushing portion of the mantle caused toflow by the crushing impacts to which the mantle issubjecttion of themantle and being separated therefrom by an intervening channel, andmeans for maintaining a normally constant locking thrust downwardlyagainst the upper face of said radially extending portion of said flangemeans.

8. In combination, in a gyratory Crusher, a crushing head having agenerally oonic outer face, a crushing mantle dened by inner and outergenerally conic surfaces, said inner surface conforming generally to theouter conic surface of the crushing head, said mantle being formed of ametal having the general characteristic of flowing under crushingimpact, means for relieving the thrust or expansion of the metal of thecrushing portion of the mantle caused to ow by the crushing impacts towhich the mantle is subjected in the course of the crushing operation,including ange means extending upwardly from an upper portion of themantle, and including a portion extending radially toward a face of themantle, such radially extending portion overhanging an adjacent portionof the mantle and being separated therefrom by an intervening channel,and means for maintaining a normally constant locking thrust downwardlyagainst the upper face of said radially extending portion of said flangemeans.

OSCAR C. GRUENDER.

